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Captain Midnight broadcast signal intrusion
On April 27, 1986, American electrical engineer and business owner John R. MacDougall, using the pseudonym Captain Midnight, jammed HBO's satellite signal to broadcast a message protesting their rates for satellite dish owners.
== Background ==
In the mid-1980s, controversy erupted in the cable programming world as United States media companies that owned pay television channels began scrambling their programming and charging fees to home satellite dish owners who accessed the same satellite signals that cable operators received. Many satellite dish owners faced purchasing descrambling equipment at a cost of hundreds of dollars, in addition to paying monthly or annual subscription fees to cable programming providers. Programming costs for home dish owners were often higher than fees paid by cable subscribers, despite dish owners being responsible for acquiring and servicing their own equipment.
When HBO scrambled its signal in January 1986, it offered subscriptions to home dish owners for $12.95 per month ($28.16 in 2015 dollars), which was either equal to or slightly higher than what cable subscribers paid. HBO advised viewers that purchasing a descrambler for $395 ($859 in 2015 dollars) would allow them to continue watching their service. Satellite dish owners began protests over scrambling, saying that clear signals from cable channels would become difficult to receive.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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